There are a lot of new things to get used to when you change jobs, from new responsibilities to adjusting to a new company culture. You may not have considered the tax issues created when you change jobs. Here are tips to reduce any potential tax problems related to making a job change this coming year.
ONE: Don’t forget about in-between pay. It is easy to forget to account for pay received while you’re between jobs. This includes severance and accrued vacation or sick pay from your former employer. It also includes unemployment benefits. All are taxable but may not have had taxes withheld, causing a surprise at tax time.
TWO: Adjust your withholdings. A new job requires you to fill out a new Form W-4, which directs your employer how much to withhold from each paycheck. It may not be best to go with the default withholding schedule, which assumes you have been making the salary of your new job all year. You may need to make special adjustments to avoid having too much or too little taken from your paycheck. This is especially true if there is a significant salary change or you have a period of low-or-no income. Keep in mind you’ll have to fill out a new W-4 in the next year to rebalance your withholding for a full year of your new salary.
THREE: Roll over your 401(k). While you can leave your 401(k) in your old employer’s plan, you may wish to roll it over into your new employer’s 401(k) or into an IRA. The best way is to get your retirement funds transferred directly between investment companies. If you take a direct check, you’ll have to deposit it into the new account within 60 days, or you may be assessed a 10 percent penalty and pay income tax on the withdrawal.
FOUR: Deduct job-hunting expenses. Tally up your job-seeking expenses. If they and other miscellaneous deductible expenses total more than 2 percent of your adjusted gross income for the year, you can deduct them on an itemized return. This includes things like costs for job-search tools, placement agencies and recruiters, and printing, mailing and travel costs. A couple caveats: you can only use these deductions if your expenses were to search for a job in the same industry as your previous job, and you were not reimbursed for them by your new employer.
FIVE: Deduct moving and home sale expenses. If you moved to take a new job that is at least 50 miles farther from your previous home than your old job was, you can also deduct your moving expenses. There’s another benefit for movers, too. Typically, you can only use the $250,000 capital-gain exclusion for home sales if you lived in your primary residence for two of the last five years before you sold it. But there is an exception to the rule if you sold your home to take a new job.
Finding a new job can be an exciting experience, and one that can create tax consequences if not handled correctly. Feel free to call for a discussion of your situation.
Giving on a yearly basis could trim both your estate and income taxes. First, there’s the annual exclusion for gifts. Currently, you can give $14,000 annually to any number of recipients without paying federal gift tax. Married couples can double this amount by gift-splitting – a gift of $28,000 from one spouse is treated as if it came half from each.
Why giving is a two-way street
Gifts do more than help out children who need the money. They also reduce your estate so your estate will pay less estate tax upon your death. Apart from annual gift giving, you can currently transfer (during your lifetime or through your estate) a total of $5.49 million with no estate or gift tax liability. On amounts above this threshold, you or your estate will be faced with taxes at the current top rate of 40 percent. So a consistent program of annual gift giving might create substantial tax savings.
Note that gifts to individuals do not entitle you to an income tax deduction. A gift isn’t a charitable contribution. Conversely, a gift doesn’t constitute taxable income to the recipient. Gifts of income-producing property may, however, reduce your taxable income. Once you’ve given the property away, the recipient (not you) receives the income it produces and pays any income tax due on it.
Giving can be easy
One advantage to annual gift giving is that it is relatively simple to do, especially if you’re giving away cash. Another advantage is flexibility. You’re not locked into anything; you can see how much you can afford to give away each year. You can give away anything – cash, stock, art, real estate, etc. Valuation is the fair market value on the date of the gift. Subsequent appreciation, if any, belongs to the recipient’s estate (not yours).
Before you give away assets, be sure you will not need them yourself to provide income in later years. Consider the impact inflation will have on your resources.
Proper planning is essential in this area; get professional assistance before you do any gift giving. Contact our office if we can help.
Students – Don’t be in such a hurry to file your return that you cost your parents!
Students that work part-time jobs often have more tax withheld from their paychecks than the actual tax assessed when they file their return. They are then, understandably, in a hurry to file their return to get some spending money from their refund.
However, if they don’t fill their return out correctly and claim a personal exemption for themselves, their parents won’t be able to claim them. The parents often, not knowing the consequences of their student filing their return in January or February, rightfully claim the student as a dependent. Since this results in both parent and student claiming the same person (and SSN), the parents return is adjusted so that they don’t get credit for the refund. This could cost the parent approximately $1,500 to $2,000 depending on their tax bracket. Amended returns for both parent and student can be prepared but this is costly and no one wants to file amended returns if they don’t have to.
A better solution is to make sure the student holds off in filing their return until the parents file their own return or at least have a professional tax preparer determine that it is ok for the student to file.
Students that work part-time jobs often don’t earn enough to require filing a tax return but still have federal and state income taxes withheld from their paychecks. This can present a situation where they have to file a tax return just to get their money back. Often the cost of paying someone to prepare their return is more than they might get refunded so they don’t file a return at all (which is legal to do).
A better solution is to elect not to have any taxes (other than social security and Medicare which are not optional) withheld from their pay.
To make this election, request form W-4 from your employer for federal taxes and write EXEMPT in box 7. In order to be eligible to be EXEMPT from withholding, you basically must not have had any taxes owed the prior year and do not expect to have any taxes due for the current year.
For Georgia taxes, request form G-4 from your employer and read instructions on page 2 of the form and if eligible, check the box on line 8.
Of course, if it turns out that the student earned more than anticipated, a return might have to be filed and it is possible some taxes would be due. However, if that doesn’t happen the student will be able to keep all of their hard earned money and will not have to file a tax return JUST to get back income taxes that were withheld.
Here’s a quick review of some of the rules you can expect to encounter when you get ready to prepare your 2016 federal income tax return.
Income tax rates.For 2016, ordinary federal income tax rates range from 10% to 35% unless your taxable income exceeds $415,050 when you’re single or $466,950 if you’re married filing jointly. The rate on income above those amounts is 39.6%.
Tax breaks that are now permanent.Three tax breaks you’ll be able to take on your 2016 return, and on future returns: 1) The optional deduction for state and local sales tax in lieu of state and local income tax; 2) the $250 deduction for classroom supplies if you’re an educator; and 3) IRA-to-charity transfers of up to $100,000 when you’re 70½ or older.
Itemized deductions and personal exemption phase-outs.For 2016, itemized deductions and personal exemptions are limited when you file as single and your adjusted gross income (AGI) is above $259,400. The limitation begins with AGI above $311,300 for married couples filing jointly.
Alternative minimum tax.The exemption amount for 2016 is $53,900 for singles and $83,800 for married filing jointly.
Capital gains and dividends.Long-term gains are generally taxed at 15%. The rate is zero percent if you’re in the 10% and 15% ordinary income brackets, and 20% when you’re in the 39.6% ordinary income bracket.
Affordable Care Actsurtaxes. You’ll pay a Medicare surtax of 0.9% on wages and self-employment income exceeding $200,000 when you’re single and $250,000 when you’re married filing jointly. For unearned income, you’ll pay the 3.8% net investment income tax when you’re single and your modified AGI exceeds $200,000. If you’re married filing jointly, the net investment income tax is imposed when your modified AGI exceeds $250,000.
If you have questions about your 2016 tax return, please call our office and we’ll help you find the answers you need.
For 2017, the wage base for withholding social security tax from wages has increased to $127,200, up from $118,500 in 2016. The “wage base” is the amount of wages on which employers and employees must pay the 6.2% social security tax. The increased wage base means an additional $8,700 of your income is taxed.
The wage base does not affect the 1.45% Medicare payroll tax. Medicare tax is assessed on all wages and net income from self-employment, including amounts above the base. The 0.9% Additional Medicare Tax is not affected either. That tax applies to your compensation in excess of $250,000 when you’re married filing jointly ($200,000 when you’re single).
The federal payroll tax rate for employers and employees remains 7.65%, with social security tax withheld and paid at 6.2%, and Medicare tax withheld and paid at 1.45%.
